HUBUNGAN LINGKUNGAN DENGAN KEJADIAN MALARIA PADA MASYARAKAT KAB YALIMO PAPUA PEGUNUNGAN

Abstract

Malaria remains one of the major public health challenges in Indonesia, particularly in Papua, which contributes the largest number of cases nationwide. Yalimo Regency in Papua Pegunungan is one of the endemic areas with fluctuating malaria incidence influenced by geographical conditions, environmental factors, and community behavior. This study aimed to explore the relationship between physical, biological, and socio-cultural environmental factors and malaria incidence among communities in Yalimo. A qualitative descriptive approach was applied, with informants consisting of health workers, community leaders, and household heads selected purposively. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, environmental observations, and document reviews from local health institutions. Data analysis was conducted using an interactive model that included data reduction, presentation, and conclusion drawing. The findings indicate that houses located near stagnant water and built with simple structures provide easier access for Anopheles mosquitoes, while community habits of gathering outdoors at night without protection increase exposure to mosquito bites. The presence of livestock around the house showed a dual role, either reducing or increasing risk depending on cage placement. This study concludes that physical, biological, and socio-cultural environmental factors interact to influence malaria incidence. Effective malaria control in Yalimo requires an integrated approach involving environmental management, proper livestock arrangements, and behavioral change through culturally sensitive education to ensure sustainable prevention efforts.